Latest Articles and News - Jun 12, 2025
post on 12 Jun 2025
Identifying Opioid Overdose and Opioid Use Disorder and Related Information from Clinical Narratives Using Large Language Models.
Opioid overdose and opioid use disorder (OUD) remain a growing public health issue in the United States, affecting 6.1 million individuals in 2022, more than doubling the 2.5 million from 2021. Accurately identifying the opioid overdose and OUD related information is critical to study the outcomes and develop interventions. This study aims to identify opioid overdose and OUD mentions and their related information from clinical narratives. We compared encoder-based large language models (LLMs) and decoder-based generative LLMs in extracting nine crucial concepts related with opioid overdose and OUD including problematic opioid use. Through a cost-effective p-tuning algorithm, our decoder-based generative LLM, GatorTronGPT, achieved the best strict/lenient F1-score of 0.8637, and 0.9057, demonstrating the efficient of using generative LLMs for opioid overdose/OUD related information extraction. This study provided a tool to systematically extract opioid overdose, OUD, and their related information to facilitate opioid-related studies using clinical narratives.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40502234/Critical Care Nurses' Experiences of Caring for Patients With Intoxication and the Risk of Workplace Violence: A Qualitative Study.
Critical care nurses who work in intensive or intermediate care units could be exposed to violence and threats in their workplace from patients admitted with intoxication. Despite extensive research on intoxication, research on critical care nurses' experiences with violence and threats from these patients is limited. This study explored critical care nurses' experiences with workplace violence when caring for patients with intoxication in an intensive or intermediate care unit setting. This study employed an exploratory-descriptive qualitative design. The COREQ checklist guided the study's reporting. Twelve critical care nurses at four intensive and/or intermediate care units in Norway were interviewed. The data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Four themes were created in the data analysis: being one step ahead when facing unpredictability, tailoring care to the patient's needs to prevent workplace violence, feeling drained when insufficient nursing care is provided, and wanting more competence and support. Workplace violence poses a significant challenge to critical care nurses. To mitigate risks and improve patient safety, it is crucial to equip critical care nurses with the necessary knowledge and skills to foster predictability and support the implementation of structured plans. The findings underscore the need to integrate education about drugs, psychiatric diagnoses, and strategies for managing workplace violence into the curriculum for critical care nursing students and in clinical settings. Ward managers should promote education on workplace violence and organise debriefing sessions following incidents of workplace violence. This study had no patient or public contributions.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40501057/
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