Acute Intoxication With Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatum).

Poison hemlock, also known as Conium maculatum, is widely considered to be one of the most toxic plants found globally. The plant's appearance can be deceiving, as its leaves resemble those of edible species such as celery and parsnip, while its roots bear a likeness to carrots. This similarity in appearance can lead to accidental ingestion, which can have severe consequences due to the presence of piperidine alkaloids. These toxic compounds interfere with the autonomous nervous system, mimicking the effects of nicotine and resulting in a clinical condition known as nicotinic syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by an initial excitatory phase, followed by a secondary inhibitory phase, which can ultimately lead to respiratory arrest and hemodynamic collapse if left untreated. Despite the dangers associated with poison hemlock, there are certain contexts in which the plant is intentionally utilized. For example, in Portugal, poison hemlock is employed as part of an ancient technique for fishing in rivers. However, such practices require careful handling and a deep understanding of the plant's toxic properties to avoid accidental exposure. In cases of poisoning, rapid diagnosis and prompt medical attention are crucial for successful treatment and preventing fatalities. The presentation of two case studies, which involved individuals experiencing different degrees of intoxication from poison hemlock, highlights the importance of timely intervention and proper care. Fortunately, both cases resulted in total recovery, underscoring the potential for positive outcomes when appropriately managed. These cases serve as a reminder of the need for awareness and caution when dealing with highly toxic plants like poison hemlock, and the importance of seeking medical help immediately if exposure is suspected. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40248547/